Differences

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--- ats:inteli [2024/05/25 12:28] – ↷ Page moved and renamed from cp:inteli-ats to ats:inteli Alan Shea
+++ ats:inteli [2024/09/21 22:24] (current) – [117 ATS -- Automatic Transfer Switch-Contactor] Alan Shea
@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 ======Auto Mains Fail Transfer Switch :: ComAp Inteli-ATS====
+{{ :ats:inteliats2_70_main.jpg?direct&300|}}
+This automatic transfer switch uses a [[https://www.comap-control.com/products/switchgear-control-and-protections/ats-controllers/|ComAp ATS Controller]] combined with motor contactor switching to provide a fully-featured ATS with full metering & history logging, and can also be remotely monitored.
+  * [[https://www.comap-control.com/products/switchgear-control-and-protections/ats-controllers/inteliats2-50/|InteliATS 50]]
+  * [[https://www.comap-control.com/products/switchgear-control-and-protections/ats-controllers/inteliats2-70/|InteliATS 70]] adds PLC logic blocks
-===Pro & Con===
+====Motor Contactor Selection==
-Generator transfer switches using industrial motor-control contactors have the advantage of simplicity and long-life, typically over 500,000 operations at rated load. They also use standard off-the-shelf components that can be purchased almost anywhere.
+The appropriate size of motor contactors should be selected based on the load served and the genset size. The 400A frame is a good general purpose selection, but smaller or larger can substituted. Recommended source: [[https://www.factorymation.com/Contactors_Overloads_qs/Metasol-Contactors-Overloads-9-to-800A?Coil_Voltage=240V-AC-Class&Nominal_Amps=150,225,400,800|FactoryMation.com]] //(225A frame and larger have 100-240VAC/DC coils)//
-The primary disadvantage is that they do not meet National Electrical Code requirements in the United States for Automatic Transfer Switches for emergency and legally required standby power use. They do not satisfy the two requirements of NEC [700.5(C)] and [701.5(C)] (2011):
+  * //See the discussion at [[ats:start#contactor-based-atspro-con|ATS Pro & Con]] for reasons why this may or may not be an appropriate choice for your application.//
-  - They are not manufactured as Automatic Transfer Switches (ATS) or approved by a testing lab for emergency power system use.
-  - They are not mechanically held.((See [[https://web.archive.org/web/20210315105023/http://www.mikeholt.com/download.php?file=PDF/11_Generators_and_Standby_Power_Systems.pdf|http://www.mikeholt.com/download.php?file=PDF/11_Generators_and_Standby_Power_Systems.pdf]]))
-Optional Standby systems as defined in [702.4] are not bound by these legal requirements for transfer switches.
+----
+\\
+<WRAP center round alert 60%>
+\\
+**See warnings below**
+</WRAP>
+\\
+----
-The biggest disadvantage of a packaged ATS is that the contacts are typically listed for a maximum of 5000 transfers at rated load, at which point the contacts must be replaced, and frequently the electro-mechanical actuator as well. In locations where electric power is reliable, this is typically not an issue as 5000 transfers will take several decades to accumulate. In locations with unreliable power this number of transfers can be accumulated in just two or three years.
-An ATS is also physically large compared to a set of contactors, which can otherwise be carried in an airline suitcase. That in particular makes this design more suitable for remote locations, as the parts can be carried in and assembled on location in a short time.
-===ComAp InteliATS Controller===
-{{ :cp:inteliats2_70_main.jpg?direct&200|}}
-This automatic transfer switch uses a [[https://www.comap-control.com/products/switchgear-control-and-protections/ats-controllers/|ComAp ATS Controller]] combined with motor contactor switching to provide a fully-featured ATS with full metering & history logging, and can also be remotely monitored.
-  * [[https://www.comap-control.com/products/switchgear-control-and-protections/ats-controllers/inteliats2-50/|InteliATS 50]]
-  * [[https://www.comap-control.com/products/switchgear-control-and-protections/ats-controllers/inteliats2-70/|InteliATS 70]] includes PLC logic blocks
-  * An [[ats:relay|Auto Mains Fail Transfer Switch]] using relay logic is also documented [[ats:relay|here]].
+=====One-Line Diagram===
+{{:ats:e117.1_r1.1_auto_transfer_switch_inteliats.png?direct&600 |}}
-===One-Line Diagram===
+===Auto Mains Fail Transfer Switch==
-{{:cp:e117.1_r1_auto_transfer_switch_inteliats.png?direct&600 |}}
-==Auto Mains Fail Transfer Switch==
 <WRAP col2>
-  * {{ :cp:e117.1-3_r1_auto_transfer_switch_inteliats.pdf |}}
+One-line diagram, detailed schematic/wiring diagram, and parts list:
-  * {{ :cp:e117.1-3_r1_auto_transfer_switch_inteliats.dsn |}}
+  * {{ :ats:e117.1-3_r1.1_auto_transfer_switch_inteliats.pdf |}}
+  * {{ :ats:e117.1-3_r1.1_auto_transfer_switch_inteliats.dsn |}}
+\\
+//(DSN) files can be edited with [[:TinyCAD|]].//
 </WRAP>
-//(DSN) files can be edited with [[:TinyCAD|]].//
+=====Description of Operation===
-====Description of Operation===
 Contactors K-U [3] and K-G [5] are mechanically and electrically interlocked to ensure that only one can be closed at a time.
@@ Line 42: / Line 40: @@
   * **K-G [3], K-U [4]**: Utility & Generator Power Contactors, 400 Amp 3-pole
-===Utility Power Failure==
+====Utility Power Failure==
   - Starting with Utility Power being supplied to the load: Contactor K-U [3] is closed, and all timers have expired.
   - Power is removed from the coil for K-U [3] if:
@@ Line 62: / Line 60: @@
     - Illuminates L-KG (Blue) indicating that generator is supplying the load.
-===Utility Power Return==
+====Utility Power Return==
   - When Utility Power returns, InteliATS:
     - Qualifies input for minimum, maximum voltage on all phases, correct phase rotation, minimum, maximum frequency
@@ Line 82: / Line 80: @@
     - Genset stops
-===Manual Bypass===
+====Force Generator Operation ==
-  * Operating S2, Manual Bypass, forces selection of Utility or Generator power and bypasses InteliATS controls
+  * Operating S2, Auto/Gen, to the "Gen" position forces selection of Generator by InteliATS
-    * S2 is mounted inside protective shroud to prevent casual operation
-  * Operating S1, Auto/Gen, forces selection of Generator by InteliATS
     * InteliATS will start generator, qualify power, then turn off K-U [3] and turn on K-G [5] after setpoint delay (as short as 1mS).
-  * Switching S1 back to Auto will switch back to Utility power if it is qualified based on normal setpoint limits.
+  * Switching S2 back to Auto will switch back to Utility power if it is qualified based on normal setpoint limits.
-===Emergency Stop===
+====Manual Bypass===
+<wrap important>
+Voltage, frequency, and phase monitoring is inactive while either bypass mode is active!
+</wrap>
+  * Operating S3, Manual Bypass, forces selection of Utility or Generator power and bypasses InteliATS controls, switching InteliATS to "OFF" Mode.
+  * S4 is a 3-position center return selector switch with "ON" and "OFF".
+    * S4 is only enabled when S3 is not in "AUTO".
+    * When S3 is in either "City" or "Gen" bypass mode, S4 switches ON or OFF the respective contactor.
+  * S3 is mounted inside a protective shroud to prevent casual operation.
+  * Placing S3 in the City (Utility) disables genset auto-start and K-GC (5)
+    * To turn on City/Utility power, momentarily turn S4 to the "ON" position.
+    * To turn off the City/Utility Power, momentarily turn S4 to the "OFF" position.
+    * Low voltage from City power will not open contactor K-UC (3) until the voltage falls to approximately 60VAC.
+  * Placing S3 in the Generator position disables K-UC (3), City Power and starts the Generator.
+    * To switch on Generator power, momentarily turn S4 to the "ON" position once generator is up to speed.
+    * To turn off the Generator Power, momentarily turn S4 to the "OFF" position.
+    * Power to the load will remain OFF until S3 is returned to AUTO, or switched to CITY.
+    * If the generator fails (or runs out of fuel) and the voltage falls below approximately 60VAC, contactor K-UG (5) will open by itself.
+      * Allowing this to happen can damage equipment, including the generator diodes.
+====Emergency Stop===
   * Operating the Emergency Stop (E-Stop) mushroom switch immediately disconnects all power sources and shuts down genset, if it is operating.
   * The E-Stop must be turned clockwise to release the latched condition, and the alarm reset on the InteliATS in order to return to normal operation.
-====Bill of Materials==
+=====Bill of Materials==
+**//[Incomplete, work in progress]//**
-===117 ATS -- Automatic Transfer Switch-Contactor===
+====117 ATS -- Automatic Transfer Switch-Contactor===
   * [[https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1r8JlMTjobZA3-YeLz29EerO8OxSNKXO5SXB6vngvN9Y/edit?usp=sharing|BOM 117 -- Google Sheets]]
   * [[https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vTpnSXQxSW-pyEPUDI_RqkSWwlRZ5bm6xUZVdUwxoYJp45-My7mLLED89SG-gxo4DX0bJ0KjPFYXsjP/pubhtml?gid=0&single=true|BOM 117 -- Web Page]]
@@ Line 104: / Line 124: @@
 <html><iframe width="950px" height="600px" src="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vTpnSXQxSW-pyEPUDI_RqkSWwlRZ5bm6xUZVdUwxoYJp45-My7mLLED89SG-gxo4DX0bJ0KjPFYXsjP/pubhtml?gid=0&amp;single=true&amp;widget=true&amp;headers=false"></iframe></html>
+{{page>:warnings&nofooter}}
+<WRAP center round alert 70%>
+**DANGER:** Current transformers must be connected to a device, or short-circuited before power is applied in the circuit to be measured. Current transformers are //constant current// devices, not //constant voltage// like ordinary transformers.
+  * **A C.T. with loose leads can have lethal voltage on the terminal, possibly over 1000V.**
+  * **Do not disconnect a C.T. when power is present in the measured circuit!**
+</WRAP>

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